MODALITY
MODALITY can help you better understand the relationship between notes. It's not important to memorize all scales but rather familiarize yourself with what notes create tension and release.
Mode | Tonic relative to major scale | Interval sequence | Example |
Ionian | I | W–W–H–W–W–W–H | C–D–E–F–G–A–B–C |
Dorian | II | W–H–W–W–W–H–W | D–E–F–G–A–B–C–D |
Phrygian | III | H–W–W–W–H–W–W | E–F–G–A–B–C–D–E |
Lydian | IV | W–W–W–H–W–W–H | F–G–A–B–C–D–E–F |
Mixolydian | V | W–W–H–W–W–H–W | G–A–B–C–D–E–F–G |
Aeolian | VI | W–H–W–W–H–W–W | A–B–C–D–E–F–G–A |
Locrian | VII | H–W–W–H–W–W–W | B–C–D–E–F–G–A–B |
DEGREES FROM THE TONIC
The tonic is the key. As in, "Yo brutha, is this song in Bb or G#?" "It's in Bb, foo." "Solid." Now musicians know their starting position on the frets and keys. As singers, if we are not multi-instrumentalists accompanying ourselves, we will rely on our ears to give us relative pitch. In other words, the more the musicians play, the more apparent the notes you will gravitate towards will become. We can use this information below to break away if we're feeling limited in our note choices. Ask Will to demonstrate if this is confusing.
1 Key/Nat/Tonic
2 Dom
2 Nat
3 Min
3 Maj
4 Nat/ Perfect
5 Dim
5 Nat/ Perfect
5 Aug
6 Nat
7 Dom
7 Natural
8 Octave
SHORT GLOSSARY
Everything is music is normally abbreviated so you'll commonly see three letters. Here are a few big ones that you'll run across often.
P5 = Perfect 5th
P4 = Perfect 4th
Maj = Major
Min = Minor
Nat = Natural
Dim = Diminished
Dom = Dominant
Aug = Augmented
Sus = Sustained
# = Sharp
b = Flat
#5 = a half-step higher than the 5
add9 = Add the *9th note from the scale to the chord
* Other examples are Cadd7 or Cadd#5
Solfège
Solfège is used to help singers identify their pitches based on relation to one another. The distance from each pitch is a half-step away. This can be extremely helpful when writing harmonies or if you're looking to explore ways to create more dynamic colors to your note choices. Asteriks * mark the distance in the Ionian scale we will primarily be concentrating on. If you'd like to see how this is used, ask Will to teach you.
1 *Do
2 Di
2 *Re
3 Ri
3 *Mi
4 *Fa
5 Fi
5 *Sol
5 Si
6 *La
7 Li
7 *Ti
8 *Do